Welcome to Legacy Surgical Partners – we look forward to caring for you! Our priority is to make your surgery process and everything in between as pleasurable, empowering, and accessible as possible. Patients are expected to follow guidelines established by the WPATH Standards of care Version 8. We follow these standards—not as a gatekeeping hurdle—but as minimal guidelines that are useful guideposts that are protective. Though regret for gender affirming surgery is extremely rare, we are medical professionals who are here at your bequest. Surgery is irreversible, which puts the onus of responsibility on both patient and provider.
We're here to help you make essential decisions and know what to expect in surgery planning and recovery. Our team consists of:
That’s right, you! We value your input, perspective, and all the work you are doing to prepare for and recover from surgery. We look forward to getting to know you better and learning how we can help you.
We understand this surgery is extremely important. It takes a good deal of trust to allow a surgeon to perform this operation. We want to assure you that your trust in our team humbles us, and we take it very seriously.
We’ve created this overview to help you make informed decisions and know what to expect.
This is an inclusive term that encompasses all the feminizing genital procedures; ie: Vaginoplasty, Vulvoplasty, RoboticPeritoneal Flap Vaginoplasty (RPFV), and non-binary feminizing surgical procedures (Please inquire for alternative options). These procedures are usually a single surgery where tissue is rearranged to create a vulva—or the outside portions of the vagina, clitoris, female-positioned urethra—and if desired, a vaginal canal.
Gender Affirming/Non-Binary Genital Surgery, in ideal circumstances, can enable you to:
Each patient’s surgery plan and results are different.
Before your first consultation, we encourage you to:
Your first consultation allows us to learn about your hopes and goals. You may be given a questionnaire to help us meet your needs and measure the results. Your surgeon will review your options and explain the process. You will also get a feel for the office and for the staff. You may also wish to visit Mills-Peninsula Hospital Medical Center at 1501 Trousdale, less than 10 minutes from our office.
Once we understand your goals, we will:
A fair amount of time is spent during the consultation with your surgeon, but you may also meet the other care team members. When team members introduce themselves, they will discuss their role in your care and answer your questions.
Each patient’s surgery and results differ as everyone starts with unique anatomy and goals.
The majority of our patients have enough tissue for this technique. Tissue is rearranged to make full labia majora with defined labia minora and a sensate clitoris with protective hooding along with a vaginal canal with adequate depth and girth for penetrative intercourse, if desired. An area known as the G-Spot/B-spot is also accessible along the front of the neovagina.
Gender Affirming Vaginoplasty is considered a two-step procedure by many surgeons. Under our care, secondary surgeries are necessary less than 10% of the time due to the inclusion of urethral mucosa between the labia minora in combination with surgical precision and symmetry. Revision surgeries are typically cosmetic but can include functional issues such as urination, granulation tissue or scar tissue. Consideration of a second procedure may be discussed while hospitalized but typically best to consider after 6-9 months have passed in order to fully assess the cosmetic outcome though may be planned upon as soon as you feel this might be necessary.
With this technique, the external vulva is created the same way as the penile inversion vaginoplasty and the zero depth or minimal depth vulvoplasty. In cases where insufficient tissue is available to line a full-depth vagina, we may discuss options for additional grafts. Options may include using tunica vaginalis — true peritoneum that is available surgically with the removal of the testicles — an additional skin graft, usually from the groin or abdomen, or a skin substitute called an Allograft. Rarely, medical grade Tilapia (fish) skin may be utilized.
This procedure is generally reserved for patients who have very little tissue available as a result of puberty suppression (blockers) or as a subsequent operation for patients who have lost a considerable amount of depth or who did not have a full vaginal canal created and wish to regain full depth. With this technique, the external vulva is created similarly to the penile inversion vaginoplasty. Available tissue is used to line the more external portion of the vagina. The posterior portion of the canal is lined with a vascular peritoneal graft that is brought down from inside the abdomen by use of robotic surgery. This surgery requires two surgical teams and small surgical sites across the abdomen.
Though many of our patients choose to have a vaginal canal, this may not be desired by patients who are older, do not wish to perform maintenance dilation of their vagina or who do not hold a need for penetration.
Through this technique, no vaginal canal is created. The vulva is created using similar techniques used in the penile inversion vaginoplasty.
Personal goals for surgery should be carefully weighed against the slightly added risks of full depth vaginoplasty and its implied lifetime commitment to dilation.
For patients who wish to have a vagina while preserving their penis, PPV may be considered. Please note—following orchiectomy or testicle removal as performed in vaginoplasty, male hormones typically drop, possibly resulting in reduction in libido and reduction in some male sexual characteristics. PPV can be an important choice for a non-binary individual that best fits their personal needs and desires. In this procedure, the penis is preserved and a vaginal canal is created using either available tissue or grafts to give depth to the vaginal canal. This allows for the potential use of the penis as well as a functional vaginal canal.
For patients that are looking for a flat appearance, nullification is a little-utilized but potential option. In this surgery, the anatomy is rearranged to create a flat genital area, usually with a single vertical midline scar with the urethra at the peroneal or sitting position. The sensate portion of the anatomy can be retrained or buried under the skin, which can allow the ability to maintain orgasm but is not always possible.
There can be many variations to the surgeries above. Discuss your options with your surgeon if you are not seeing a surgery above that aligns with your gender identity.
Although we aim for a single procedure, about 10% of our patients may desire aesthetic revisions due to variations in anatomy and healing. For minor, in-office procedures and for immediate follow-up, there are no charges. Insurance is typically billed for aesthetic revisions, though we do our best to minimize the necessity of such a secondary procedure. Our practice also commonly does revisions on patients from other practices.
Vaginoplasty is an extraordinarily complex procedure involving multiple steps. Much of its success depends on your preparedness, especially for dilation. This means being in the best possible physical and mental health before the surgery.
Above all else, it is critical to have reasonable expectations about what is possible for your body and what your surgeon can realistically accomplish. We recommend you:
This guide will help you meet all the pre-surgery requirements, prepare for surgery, and plan for your recovery. We are here to help make sure your surgery is successful.
Although recovery may take up to six months in total, healing is often very rapid with significant reduction in swelling/bruising/discharge just in the first six weeks. You will be dilating during this time 3X daily, which can feel all-consuming. The second six weeks though is considerably easier in most cases as you become comfortable with dilation. After 12 weeks, dilation frequency drops to twice daily. Surgery puts stress on your body, in the months and weeks leading up to surgery, maximizing your health both mental and physical, as this will aid in having a swift recovery. For most, the reality of recovery is easier than imagined.
To maximize healing, we recommend:

We understand the importance and urgency of this surgery. We also know your success hinges on being well-prepared. Remember, this is a lifelong investment in your health. Optimal preparation can improve your chances of positive physical and mental health outcomes.
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